Jasmine Gladstone

External suppliers are those suppliers that are external to the ownership of the focal firm, while internal suppliers are those suppliers that belong to the same organization, but have a supplying function in the manufacturing network to the plants that finalize the products.

Since 9/11 and incidents such as the oil tanker bombing in the Gulf of Aden in 2002, cargo security is now high on the transport industry agenda.

The Incoterms 2020 edition analyses responsibilities by reference to activities associated with the export clearance process, the transport process and the import clearance process.

In practice, the most relevant security framework is often the International Ship and Port Security code ISPS Code, which is an amendment to the International Convention for the Safety at Sea (SOLAS).

Responsibility for security policy rests with designated persons both at the ship level and for shipping terminals. Carriers will often levy a small charge for security/ISPS, which will be borne by whoever contracts with the carrier.

Value added tax (VAT) is applied to goods sold on the EU market and thus also to those imported from outside the EU. VAT varies in each EU Member State and is usually paid by the importer.

The rate is the same as if you bought the product in your domestic market.
VAT-registered firms can reclaim the import VAT tax as input tax, just like they can claim back their domestic VAT payments.
The calculation of your VAT payments is based on the value of your goods, your import duty, and excise duties if they apply. You can read more about VAT and Member States' rates here.
For selected goods you will be required to pay excise duties, which vary from EU country to EU country. These taxes apply to, for example:

• tobacco products,
• alcoholic beverages,
• mineral oil,
• energy products.

At present this is not confirmed definitively, but it is highly likely that EU Certificates of Origin will not be available to UK exporters exporting goods from the UK. It is anticipated that the UK government will produce a “UK Certificate of Origin” which will be able to be issued to UK exporters who require a non-preferential certificate of origin.

The weight that is shown in the bill of lading should be the Cargo Gross Weight which is also the same as the Container Net Weight. Cargo Gross Weight – is the weight of the raw cargo (example – Peppadews) + the weight of bottles or cans that it is packed in.. If the bottles and cans are further packed into cartons which are placed on a pallet, then the weight of the peppadews + bottles + cartons + pallets = Cargo Gross Weight. Container Net Weight – is the Cargo Gross Weight after it has been packed into a container – but excluding the tare weight of the container.