Imad Kassir

“Cargos” is based on our Bill of Lading data, which provides shipment information, such as importer, shipper, notify party, and commodity description. These details allow you to track specific cargos.

“Markets” is based on US Census data – quantitative information about commodities and country trade volumes that allow you to analyze and rank the trade of country markets.

Dimensional Standard: They ensure the inter-changeability of packaging components and accessories and assist modular packaging. Such standards help to curb proliferation of package dimensions and thus assist consumers in making objective comparison of the package contents and price.

Standards Concerning Quality of Resistance to Wear: They guarantee that the product will meet the purpose for which it has been designed.

Standard Test Method: These methods are used to compare materials and products intended to be used for the same purpose. They determine, for example, the breaking point of the corrugated board used in the containers for transport by sea. A test method must be developed before any standards relating to the aspects of use can be established.

Standardized Technical Terms & Symbols: These terms and symbols are adopted throughout a country by every industry as a common technical language to be readily understood within the sector.

Codes of Standard Practice: In general, these codes recommend method concerning the technical procedures for packing for use in specified industries. The packaging industries in some highly industrialized countries have already adopted such codes. Other lesser-developed countries often use the code as operational guidelines and in reference manuals.

The Mechanism for opening an L/C is as follows:

When a sales contract is made between the exporter and the importer, both sides agree to do business on an L/C basis

The importer requests the issuing bank to issue an L/C.

If the issuing bank determines that the importer’s financial standing is acceptable, the bank will issue the L/C to the exporter (beneficiary of L/C). The bank may request the importer to make a deposit (security) in order to guarantee them.

The issuing bank notifies the exporter through the correspondent bank (notifying bank) by telegram first and then sends the original L/C to the exporter.

The exporter executes the shipment according to the conditions of the L/C.

The exporter presents the Bill of Exchange (Draft) based on the condition of the L/C together with a full set of the shipping documents and applies for negotiation of the documentary bill at the exporter’s bank (negotiating bank).

The negotiating bank checks the conditions of L/C and shipping documents. If the conditions of L/C are found to be consistent with the shipping documents, the bank pays the exporter. However, the exporter has to be very careful, as the bank is not able to honour the Bill of Exchange, if there is any discrepancy between the condition of L/C and the documents attached. If a discrepancy occurs, the exporter has to inform the importer and have him request the issuing bank for an amendment to the L/C accordingly.

Every product/service has a market. Even then, one has to be on the lookout for overseas importer. Nevertheless, export control is to be imposed at times, but its scope is very limited. There are also a few basic requisites for selling overseas. Determination land planning and planning are the basic requirements. Overseas selling begins with a state of mind.

Any commodity and/or product including services produced, processed and manufactured in a country can be exported, as there is hardly anything in the world that is not internationally traded. There is a market abroad for all types of products and services as no nation can itself produce everything to satisfy its needs in the modern world even if one chooses to sacrifice the principle of comparative cost advantage. Every country is continuously on the lookout to locate overseas suppliers of one commodity or another, thereby, creating every-increasing scope for export of other countries.

To take advantage of the situation, all nations make every possible effort to sell their products and services abroad. After all, exports are a vehicle of growth and development. They help not only in the procurement of the latest machinery, equipment and technology but also the goods and services not available indigenously, Expansion of export earning is as crucial for financing development plans as the mobilization of domestic resources. It leads to national self-reliance and reduces dependence on external assistance, which, howsoever liberal, may not be available without strings.

The air waybill is the equivalent of the ocean bill of lading but for air transport. However, the air waybill cannot be negotiable; they may never be consigned “to order of shipper.” An air waybill is the document that controls the routing of the exporter’s cargo while it is in the hands of the air carrier or a consolidator.

An air waybill should include:

• The name and contact information for the exporter and the ultimate consignee.
• Carrier information.
• The airport of departure and routing.
• The description, weight and dimensions of the cargo.
• Freight charges.
• The relevant anti-diversion clause.